Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions among High School Students: The Mediating Role of Need for Achievement

Umi Fitria; Rediyono Rediyono; Enny Kartini

doi:10.35445/alishlah.v18i2.9109

Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions among High School Students: The Mediating Role of Need for Achievement

Umi Fitria, Rediyono Rediyono, Enny Kartini

Abstract

This study examines the structural relationships among smartphone use, self-efficacy, family environment, need for achievement, and entrepreneurial intentions among high school students. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behavior, Social Cognitive Theory, and Achievement Motivation Theory, the study positions need for achievement as a motivational mediator linking technological, psychological, and environmental factors to entrepreneurial intentions. A quantitative cross-sectional survey design was employed. The population consisted of 1,562 twelfth-grade students from five public high schools in Samarinda, Indonesia, from which 410 students were selected through proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using covariance-based Structural Equation Modeling with LISREL 8.80. The model demonstrated acceptable fit, as indicated by χ²/df = 2.11, CFI = 0.96, TLI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.052, and SRMR = 0.047. The findings showed that family environment and need for achievement had significant positive relationships with entrepreneurial intentions, whereas smartphone use and self-efficacy did not show significant direct relationships. Smartphone use and self-efficacy were significantly related to need for achievement, while family environment was not. The mediation results indicated that need for achievement mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions, but not the relationships involving smartphone use or family environment. The study concludes that achievement motivation is a key mechanism in shaping students’ entrepreneurial intentions, while family support remains an important direct contextual factor.

Keywords

entrepreneurial intentions; self-efficacy; need for achievement; family environment; smartphone use

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.35445/alishlah.v18i2.9109